云南酸甜石榴园Malaise网诱捕昆虫群落及其季节性动态*

 2007～2008年,以云南省建水县酸石榴园为基地,采用Malaise网诱捕器对园内昆虫群落结构进行了调查,根据节肢动物群落中物种的营养和取食关系将总群落划分为天敌亚群落、害虫亚群落、中性昆虫亚群落,利用群落多样性指标对石榴不同生育期昆虫群落结构及其动态进行了分析比较。结果表明,从2007年5月～2008年9月,共诱捕获得昆虫纲12目75科375种1708头。物种丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度分别为5025,508,086。其中寄生性天敌有79种300头,捕食性天敌有46种162头,害虫有193种959头,中性昆虫有57种287头。害虫亚群落、天敌亚群落和中性昆虫亚群落物种丰富度分别为2796,2021,989,多样性指数分别为423,436,326。天敌昆虫群落与害虫群落及中性昆虫群落相对多度呈互补关系     

The effects of soil moisture and salinity as functions of groundwater depth on wheat growth and yield in coastal saline soils

In the coastal saline soils, moisture and salinity are the functions of groundwater depth affecting crop growth and yield. Accordingly, the objectives of this study were to: 1) investigate the combined effects of moisture and salinity stresses on wheat growth as affected by groundwater depth, and 2) find the optimal groundwater depth for wheat growth in coastal saline soils. The groundwater depths (0.7, 1.1, 1.5, 1.9, 2.3, and 2.7 m during 2013–2014 (Y1) and 0.6, 1.0, 1.4, 1.8, 2.2, and 2.6 m during 2014–2015 (Y2)) of the field experiment were maintained by soil columns. There was a positive correlation between soil moisture and salinity. Water logging with high salinity (groundwater depth at 0.7 m in Y1 and 0.6 m in Y2) showed a greater decline towards wheat growth than that of slight drought with medium (2.3 m in Y1) or low salinity (2.7 m in Y1, 2.2 and 2.6 m in Y2). The booting stage was the most sensitive stage of wheat crop under moisture and salinity stresses. Data showed the most optimal rate of photosynthesis, grain yield, and flour quality were obtained under the groundwater depth (ditch depth) of 1.9 m (standard soil moisture with medium salinity) and 2.3 m (slight drought with medium salinity) in Y1 and 1.8 m (standard soil moisture with medium salinity) and 2.2 m (slight drought with low salinity) in Y2. The corresponding optimal soil relative moisture content and conductivity with the 1:5 distilled water/soil dilution, in the depth of 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm in coastal saline soils, were equal to 58.67–63.07% and 65.51–72.66% in Y1, 63.09–66.70% and 69.75–74.72% in Y2; 0.86–1.01 dS m^–1 and 0.63–0.77 dS m^–1 in Y1, 0.57–0.93 dS m^–1 and 0.40–0.63 dS m^–1 in Y2, respectively.     

卡夫卡与陈染的语象比较

陈染和卡夫卡的艺术世界都是关闭的,“向内性”是两人作品的共同特点,表现了现代人孤独的自我意识,显示出现代人在思想和主体意识等方面的共鸣。     

《古今图书集成》之特征及其编者

《古今图书集成》是一部我国现存最大、最完整、结构最为精善谨严的类书。文章钩沉史料阐释了从该书的编者、体例到该书的内容等方面的特征。     

东佘山居的形成及其园林特征探析

东佘山居是明末松江文人陈继儒亲自建造的隐居之所,在明代松江文人园林中极具代表性;对其进行研究,可以展现松江园林文化,深化对于陈继儒本人以及明代松江文人园林的认识。首先从时间和规模的阶段性特征上,梳理东佘山居的形成过程;其次通过对于东佘山居的布局、园林要素、空间构成,以及造园手法的分析,总结其园林特征,展现东佘山居的园林特色,为如今的园林设计,特别是古典园林设计提供一定的参考和帮助。     

卡夫卡与陈染的语象比较

陈染和卡夫卡的艺术世界都是关闭的,"向内性"是两人作品的共同特点,表现了现代人孤独的自我意识,显示出现代人在思想和主体意识等方面的共鸣。     

Crosstalk of cold and gibberellin effects on bolting and flowering in flowering Chinese cabbage

The flower stalk is the product organ of flowering Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis var.utilis Tsen et Lee),which is cultivated extensively in South China.Flower stalk formation and development,including bolting and flowering,determine the yield of flowering Chinese cabbage;however,the bolting and flowering mechanisms remain to be explored.To elucidate these processes,we studied the effects of low-temperature and gibberellin(GA)treatments,and their interaction,on stem elongation,bolting time,flowering time,hormone content,and cell morphology in stem of flowering Chinese cabbage.The results showed that both cold and GA treatments accelerated bolting time,stem elongation,and flowering time.Moreover,cold and GA cotreated plants displayed additive positive effects.In addition,cold treatments increased the GA,indole-3-acetic acid,and cytokinin contents and altered cell size in the shoot apices of flowering Chinese cabbage.Treatment with uniconazole,a GA synthesis inhibitor,strongly delayed bolting time,stem elongation,and flowering time,whereas GA,but not cold treatment,rescued this inhibition,indicating that low temperature accelerates bolting and flowering not only through inducing GA in the shoot apices,but also other ways.These results provide a theoretical basis for further dissecting the regulatory mechanism of bolting and flowering in flowering Chinese cabbage.     

miR-10b promotes porcine immature Sertoli cell proliferation by targeting the DAZAP1 gene

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely identified in porcine testicular tissues and implicated as crucial regulators of proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation in porcine spermatogenesis related cells. However, the function roles of most of the miRNAs that have been identified in Sertoli cells are poorly understood. In the present study, six experiments were conducted to study the regulatory role of miR-10b in porcine immature Sertoli cells. In experiment 1, the results showed that the relative mRNA expression level of miR-10b in porcine testicular tissues decreased quadratically (P<0.001) with increasing age, while the relative mRNA expression level of DAZAP1 gene increased (P<0.001). In addition, the mRNA expression of miR-10b was negatively (P<0.01) correlated with DAZAP1 mRNA expression (r=?0.550). In experiment 2, the results from the bioinformatic analysis and a luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-10b directly targeted the DAZAP1 gene in porcine immature Sertoli cells. DAZAP1 mRNA and protein expressions were both regulated (P<0.05) by miR-10b. In experiments 3 to 5, the over-expression of miR-10b or the siRNA-mediated knockdown of the DAZAP1 gene promoted (P<0.05) porcine immature Sertoli cell proliferation, as determined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and the 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. However, an annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay and the expression of cell survival-related genes indicated that over-expression of miR-10b or knockdown of DAZAP1 had no effect (P>0.05) on porcine immature Sertoli cell apoptosis. In experiment 6, the co-transfection treatment results showed that miR-10b promoted (P<0.05) porcine immature Sertoli cell proliferation by targeting DAZAP1 gene. Overall, these experiments demonstrated that miR-10b promotes porcine immature Sertoli cell proliferation by targeting the DAZAP1 gene.     

陈独秀对农民问题的认识及其历史启示

国民革命时期，陈独秀既对农民的伟大历史作用予以肯定，又主张将其限制在一定范围内；他既看到了农民身上蕴涵的革命伟力，又指出农民身上存在的固有缺点。陈独秀对农民问题的认识，尤其是对农民缺点的正视，对当今加强新农村建设，构建和谐社会具有一定的借鉴意义。     

陈独秀对农民问题的认识及其历史启示

国民革命时期,陈独秀既对农民的伟大历史作用予以肯定,又主张将其限制在一定范围内;他既看到了农民身上蕴涵的革命伟力,又指出农民身上存在的固有缺点。陈独秀对农民问题的认识,尤其是对农民缺点的正视,对当今加强新农村建设,构建和谐社会具有一定的借鉴意义。